Rights or Philanthropy: Emotions of Solidarity with Refugees
The “merely” legal point of view that refugees according to international law have the right to cross borders and apply for asylum in any state, codified in the principle of “non-refoulement” and the Geneva Convention, seems rather negligible considering the atmosphere of a state of exception evoked by many politicians and opinion makers throughout Europe (Massumi 1993).
Emotional shift
In contrast, it seems what Kant dismayed as a “philanthropic” stance plays an important role in how Europeans want to assess the cause of refugees. When a conservative member of parliament (Philipp Lengsfeld, CDU) recently criticized the newspaper for framing the issue as “too emotional” and that its attitude would “invite” refugees to come to Europe, the chief editor of BILD online, Julian Reichelt, responded in an open letter. The conservative critic was worried about the child.
The deserving refugee
The negative reputation of emotions notwithstanding, there is evidence that the shift of public opinion concerning refugees was less informed by reasoning or the reference to the Geneva Convention, but by the mobilization of feelings of empathy towards refugees.
According to our survey, volunteers who started to welcome refugees in 2015 compared to those who were already engaged for a few years stated significantly that “emotional experiences” were increasingly important for them. the formation of an affective block between refugees and large parts of the German population.
Shaky ground for solidarity?
Critics of the seemingly new emotional trend in politics (Robert 2016) have argued that citizens become passivized by merely emotionally reacting to media-driven events instead of referring to reason. 64, University of Oxford.
Boltanski, Luc (2004) ‘Distant suffering: morality, media, and politics’ Cambridge, UK; New York, NY: Cambridge University Press.
Deleuze, Gilles, and Felix Guattari (1987) ‘A thousand plateaus: capitalism and schizophrenia’ Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.
Vis, Farida, & Goriunova, Olga (Eds.) (2015) ‘The Iconic Image on Social Media: A Rapid Research Response to the Death of Aylan Kurdi’.